[12] In Munich Speer began a close friendship, ultimately spanning over 50 years, with Rudolf Wolters, who also studied under Tessenow. The journalist described an invented scenario in which Speer had refused Hitler's orders and Hitler had left with tears in his eyes. [141] He found himself unable to re-establish a relationship with his children, even with his son Albert who had also become an architect. Po vlce byl bhem Norimberskho procesu odsouzen jako vlen zloinec ke 20 letm vzen. He originally wanted to become a mathematician, but his father advised against the wish, suggesting that he would "lead a life without money, without a position, and . [16][b] The same year, with stipends shrinking amid the Depression, Speer surrendered his position as Tessenow's assistant and moved to Mannheim, hoping to make a living as an architect. [3] Henry T. King, deputy prosecutor at the Nuremberg trials who later wrote a book about Speer said, "Love and warmth were lacking in the household of Speer's youth. [19] This work won Speer his first national post, as Nazi Party "Commissioner for the Artistic and Technical Presentation of Party Rallies and Demonstrations". 2. Hello. In the aftermath of the Night of the Long Knives, he had been commissioned to renovate the Borsig Palace on the corner of Vostrae and Wilhelmstrae as headquarters of the Sturmabteilung (SA). the eldest went to visit his brother while in spandau prison and [86] On 1 August 1944, Speer merged the Fighter Staff into a newly formed Armament Staff committee. Albert Einstein lived in the USA, so was not where the holocaust First Architect of the Third Reich. Speer-Weber, Magarete, born 08-09-1905 in Heidelberg, lived there all her live, they also had a house near Hitler's Berghof on the Obersalzberg and was a girlfriend of Eva Braun (see Braun parents) and a regular visitor on the Berghof of Berchtesgaden. [94] After the plot Speer's rivals attacked some of his closest allies and his management system fell out of favor with radicals in the party. Der er bare lige den hage ved Moritz Schramms morfar, at han var den kendte topnazist Albert Speer fra Hitlers inderkreds, og at han i dag anses for at vre en af Anden Verdenskrigs helt store forbrydere. He took a role in that short-lived regime as Minister of Industry and Production. I am sure that an oppressive feeling struck me as I drove past. A groundbreaking 26-part documentary series narrated by the actor Laurence Olivier about the deadliest conflict in history, World War II. House Albert Speer (4) Location: Take the road in front of the Gutshof back uphill to the Berghof. "It is not charity; I don't like that . When asked by his Allied captors in 1945 to what extent German military strategy had been influenced by economic considerations, Albert Speer, Hitler's armaments minister, replied that in the case of OperationBarbarossathe need for oil was certainly a prime motive. Indeed, even during initial discussions of his plan to invade the Soviet Union, Hitler had stressed the absolute necessity of . [15], In January 1931, Speer applied for Nazi Party membership, and on 1 March 1931, he became member number 474,481. [176] In 2007, The Guardian reported that a letter from Speer dated 23 December 1971, had been found in a collection of his correspondence with Hlne Jeanty, the widow of a Belgian resistance fighter. This delayed the program, and Speer was unable to remedy the situation. [59] Speer proved to be ambitious, unrelenting and ruthless. Like many of those in power in the Third Reich, he was not an ideologue, "nor was he anything more than an instinctive anti-Semite. The task force was established by 1 March 1944, orders of Speer, with support from Erhard Milch of the Reich Aviation Ministry. [55] On 8 February 1942, Reich Minister of Armaments and Munitions Fritz Todt died in a plane crash shortly after taking off from Hitler's eastern headquarters at Rastenburg. [49] Martin Kitchen described Speer's often repeated line that he knew nothing of the "dreadful things" as hollowbecause not only was he fully aware of the fate of the Jews he was actively participating in their persecution. [127], Much of Speer's energy was dedicated to keeping fit, both physically and mentally, during his long confinement. [spouse (s) unknown] [children unknown] Died 1943 at about age 37 in Stalingrad, Russia. It is considered to be one of the most detailed descriptions of the inner workings and leadership of Nazi Germany but is controversial because of Speer's lack of discussion of Nazi . [163] By 1999, historians had amply demonstrated that Speer had lied extensively. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer ( Mannheim, 19. oujka 1905. Men da Moritz Schramm var barn, var det et andet blik, han havde p morfaren. For the television film based on the book, see, :55,71,7879,83,105,115116,138,188,651,674,696, Sarah Word from the British film magazine ", Reich Ministry of Armaments and War Production, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Inside_the_Third_Reich&oldid=1132240858, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2022, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 7 January 2023, at 23:15. The oldest brother turned into a thorn in his youger brother In June 1936 he charged a personal honorarium of 30,000 Reichsmark and estimated the chancellery would be completed within three to four years. Gring was reluctant to grant this. FRANKFURT Albert Speer Jr., an internationally prominent architect who sought throughout his life to distance himself from the dark legacy of his father, a member of Adolf . For a treatise on this aspect of the war including Speer's involvement see: Randall, Hansen, Last edited on 17 February 2023, at 08:56, Reich Minister of Armaments and War Production, Reich Minister of Armaments and Munitions, "Trials of the War Criminals Before the Nuernberg Military Tribunals, Volume II: The Milch Case", "Wartime reports debunk Speer as the good Nazi", "Letter proves Speer knew of Holocaust plan", "Historiker ber Albert Speer: "Er tat alles fr den Endsieg", "Rechtfertigung und Entlastung. [76], Following his appointment as Minister of Armaments, Speer was in control of armaments production solely for the Army. Among those who pledged support for his sentence to be commuted were Charles de Gaulle and US diplomat George Wildman Ball. [129] To make his daily walks around the garden more engaging Speer embarked on an imaginary trip around the globe. There was no communication. This carried with it the rank of State Secretary in the Reich government and gave him extraordinary powers over the Berlin city government. [135] Speer's efforts for an early release came to naught. [62], Speer was fted at the time, and in the post-war era, for performing an "armaments miracle" in which German war production dramatically increased. Speer II is more than an urban planner. They paid for Toni Proost to go on holiday, and for bribes to those who might be able to secure Speer's release. His first draft was written from March 1953 to 26 December 1954. [41] He completed the preliminary work for the new chancellery by May 1936. The houses still look very much the same. Those who feigned illness, slacked off, sabotaged production or tried to escape were denied food or sent to concentration camps. Albert Speer (Mannheim, Nmetorszg, 1905. mrcius 19. [159], Speer had carefully constructed an image of himself as an apolitical technocrat who deeply regretted having failed to discover the monstrous crimes of the Third Reich. [82] In mid-January 1944, Speer had a lung embolism and fell seriously ill. While he sought to frustrate directives to destroy industrial facilities in areas at risk of capture, so that they could be used after the war, he still supported the war's continuation. Detailed plans were completed in July 1937 and the first shell of the new chancellery was complete on 1 January 1938. A brick factory was built near the Oranienburg concentration camp at Speer's behest; when someone commented on the poor conditions there, Speer stated, "The Yids got used to making bricks while in Egyptian captivity". [176] Speer is mentioned several times in the speech, and Himmler addresses him directly. Albert Speer. Post As a Nazi Party member, she had greatly enjoyed dining with Hitler. [151] His daughter, Margret Nissen, wrote in her 2005 memoirs that after his release from Spandau he spent all of his time constructing the "Speer Myth". In 1942, he was named Minister of Armaments and Munitions, assuming significant responsibility for the German war economy. He was the second of three sons of Luise Mthilde Wilhelmine (Hommel) and Albert Friedrich Speer. [11] As such, Speer taught some of his classes while continuing his own postgraduate studies. But the children-my two brothers and I-had to use the back stairs. In the World War II, Hitler appointed him as the Minister of Armaments and War Production for Germany. [43] The Schutzstaffel (SS) built two concentration camps in 1938 and used the inmates to quarry stone for its construction. I myself must carry this out. Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer (German: [pe] ( listen); March 19, 1905 - September 1, 1981) was a German architect who was, for a part of World War II, Minister of Armaments and War Production for the Third Reich. An architect by training, Speer joined the Nazi Party in 1931. It began in 1932 but had not supplied any weaponry. This image dominated his historiography in the decades following the war, giving rise to the "Speer Myth": the perception of him as an apolitical technocrat responsible for revolutionizing the German war machine. Speer's mother asked Albert to do something to get Ernst out. This article is about the book. When the commission was completed, Speer returned to Mannheim and remained there as Hitler took office in January1933. Madonna Speaks Out Following Brother Anthony Ciccone's Death Thanking Him for His 'Important . [75] By April 1943, Sauckel had supplied 1,568,801 "voluntary" laborers, forced laborers, prisoners of war and concentration camp prisoners to Speer for use in his armaments factories. Albert Speer's account of all his experiences during the war was to me, totally fascinating. Progress was slow because fuel was rationed and Army Group A were given priority. von Speer, Albert: und eine groe Auswahl hnlicher Bcher, Kunst und Sammlerstcke erhltlich auf AbeBooks.de. [113] Speer was indicted on four counts: participating in a common plan or conspiracy for the accomplishment of crime against peace; planning, initiating and waging wars of aggression and other crimes against peace; war crimes; and crimes against humanity. Finally, in the summer of 1943, Speer released the 1200 metric tons of uranium stock for use in solid-core ammunition. Trevor-Roper frequently refers to Speer as "a technocrat [who] nourished a technocrat's philosophy", one who cared only for his building projects or his ministerial duties, and who thought that politics was irrelevant, at least until Hitler's Nero Decree which Speer, according to his own telling, worked assiduously to counter. [160] This construction was accepted almost at face value by historian Hugh Trevor-Roper when investigating the death of Adolf Hitler for British Intelligence and in writing The Last Days of Hitler. Until 2 September 1943 the position's official name was Reich Minister of Armaments and Munitions. [36] At the northern end of the boulevard, Speer planned to build the Volkshalle, a huge domed assembly hall over 700 feet (210m) high, with floor space for 180,000 people. He was more forthright in an interview with William Hamsher in which he said he joined the party in order to save "Germany from Communism". Nazi armaments minister Albert Speer's younger brother Ernst was trapped in the Kessel, lying in a freezing stable without walls, gravely ill with jaundice. Speer was appalled by this order, and persuaded several key military and political leaders to ignore it. During his life, he worked on redesigning city centers of . Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer (/pr/; German: [pe] (listen); 19 March 1905 1 September 1981) was a German architect who served as the Minister of Armaments and War Production in Nazi Germany during most of World War II. [137], Speer's release from prison was a worldwide media event. Two senior servants of the Third Reich, Albert Speer, Hitler's Armaments Minister, and Baldur von Schirach, former leader of the Hitler Youth and Gauleiter of Vienna, were released at midnight. [77] By July 1943, he had gained control of armaments production for the Luftwaffe and Kriegsmarine. Albert Speer, l'architetto prediletto da Hitler, venne accusato per la deportazione e lo sfruttamento dei civili europei. Martin Kitchen, writing in Speer: Hitler's Architect, stated that much of the increase in Germany's arms production was actually due to systems instituted by Speer's predecessor (Fritz Todt) and furthermore that Speer was intimately involved in the "Final Solution". I'd like to know more about his life; all I know is that he was inside Stalingrad's. Unsubstantiated rumors have claimed that the remains were used for other building projects such as the Humboldt University, Mohrenstrae metro station and Soviet war memorials in Berlin. [8] In 1924, when the crisis had abated, he transferred to the "much more reputable" Technical University of Munich. He was found guilty of war crimes and crimes against humanity, principally for the use of slave labor, narrowly avoiding a death sentence. [179], Little remains of Speer's personal architectural works, other than the plans and photographs. He met Hitler and toured the damaged Chancellery before leaving Berlin to return to Hamburg. [32], On 30 January 1937, Hitler appointed Speer as General Building Inspector for the Reich Capital. Speer made no mention of it in the first draft of Inside the Third Reich. This allowed an extra 300 huts to be built at Auschwitz, increasing the total human capacity to 132,000. Instead, development turned to a "uranium motor", for use in the navy's submarines. a nemzeti szocialista Nmet Birodalom fptsze, fegyverkezsi minisztere, a haditermels irnytja.. A hbor befejezse utn Nrnbergben egyetlen volt a brsg el lltott szemlyek kzl, aki elismerte felelssgt a msodik vilghbors esemnyekrt, hsz . [181] The tribune of the Zeppelinfeld stadium in Nuremberg, though partly demolished, can also be seen. [37] Speer hired Wolters as part of his design team, with special responsibility for the Prachtstrasse. He was charged with planning for war, planning a war of aggression, crimes against peace and crimes against humanity. [50] In his final statement at Nuremberg, Speer gave the impression of apologizing, although he did not directly admit any personal guilt and the only victim he mentioned was the German people. by. Albert Speer (fdt Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer den 19. marts 1905 i Mannheim, dd 1. september 1981 i London) var en tysk arkitekt, der under 2. verdenskrig var rustningsminister (Reichsminister fr Bewaffnung und Munition) i Nazi-Tyskland.Lnge inden ministerudnvnelsen havde Speer vret Adolf Hitlers foretrukne arkitekt.. Speer blev medlem af nazistpartiet i 1931. It was used for Nazi propaganda rallies and can be seen in Leni Riefenstahl's propaganda film Triumph of the Will. never got along so good before or after. The film began a process of demystification and critical reappraisal. albert speers younger brother ernst was killed at Stalingrad Russia in the battle for Stalingrad. Ultimately, when their emergence involved the ruin of all his work, Speer accepted the consequences and acted. The idea for this myth came to him after he recalled the panic when car fumes came through an air ventilation system. Study now. Importantly, he provided an alibi to older Germans who had been Nazis. [173] In 2005, The Daily Telegraph reported that documents had surfaced indicating that Speer had approved the allocation of materials for the expansion of Auschwitz concentration camp after two of his assistants inspected the facility on a day when almost a thousand Jews were massacred. German architect of the Nazi period (1933-45). The Battle of Stalingrad was a brutal military campaign between Russian forces and those of Nazi Germany and the Axis powers during World War II. [5], Another kind of criticism is the claim that Speer pretended that he was unaware of the extermination camps and presented the figure of a "good Nazi". "[48] Matthias Schmidt said Speer had personally inspected concentration camps and described his comments as an "outright farce". He admitted only to being uncomfortable around Jews in the published version of the Spandau Diaries. Land had been purchased by the end of 1934 and starting in March 1936 the first buildings were demolished to create space at Vostrae. [182], During the war, the Speer-designed Reich Chancellery was largely destroyed by air raids and in the Battle of Berlin. Fun facts: before fame, family life, popularity rankings, and more. He set about extending his power and influence with unexpected ambition. The relationship will always amaze. Under his leadership, the Nazis implemented a brutal regime of slave labour in armaments factories across Germany. Brother of Hermann Speer and Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer. His architectural skills made him increasingly prominent within the Party, and he became a member of Hitler's inner circle. Founded in 1999. The battle is infamous as one of the largest . by PanzerKavallerie 27 Jul 2005, 16:15, Post [90] By this time, 140,000 people were working in Speer's underground factories. Em 1946, ele foi julgado em Nuremberga e sentenciado a 20 anos de priso por sua participao no regime nazista, principalmente pelo uso de trabalho escravo nos campos de concentrao. [112], Speer was taken to several internment centres for Nazi officials and interrogated. In the summer of 1942 Paulus advanced toward Stalingrad with 250,000 men, 500 tanks, 7,000 guns and mortars, and 25,000 horses. His sentence of twenty years amounted to 7,305 days, which only allotted one and a half days per book. 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