One way to remember it is to dive away from a tailwind component and to climb into a headwind component. 0000247639 00000 n Can weight and balance information Hydraulic lock in radial engines. 0000012070 00000 n 0000061214 00000 n 0000002565 00000 n 0000148135 00000 n caused by completing checklists, obtaining weight and balance information, and Cabin crew are especially vulnerable as they might be moving within the cabin preforming pre-departure or post-landing duties. The towing team were not aware of the collision and initially, there was some doubt in the A321 flight deck about the cause of a shudder felt when the impact occurred but the cabin crew of the A321 had felt the impact shudder and upon noticing the nose of the 747 appearing concluded that it had struck their aircraft. Describe the important precautions that should be observed when fueling an aircraft. What is meant by the term "Hot Start" when starting a jet engine? Figure 3 illustrates some of the most commonly used helicopter operating signals. Airport operators are responsible for setting safety policies and procedures for workers who transport aircraft. Ignition occurs with an excessively rich mixture, leading to a rapid temperature rise that can exceed the exhaust gas temperature limit. Damaged or defective equipment is dangerous, often resulting in injuries to personnel or damage to equipment and aircraft, so all equipment used for towing aircraft should undergo regular maintenance and, crucially, it should be inspected at the beginning of each shift. Explain. They aren't just limited Operators should: ensure daily inspection for their vehicle is complete and that beacon/hazard lights are operating when the vehicle is airside, operate their vehicle safely and in accordance with all company and airport rules, obey all "rules of the road" inclusive of speed limits, stop signs and right-of-way guidance. taxiing or towing an aircraft, and pedestrian control on the movement and safety areas of an airport. one set of eyeballs on a swivel is also necessary. (b) Discuss additional complications caused by the fact that crude oil has a smaller density than water. In a number of cases pilots have taxied beyond their turnoff point because they saw what was on a distant sign too late. Let's review some of the things which An airport is a complex interface between the air and the ground environments, where access must be controlled and separation between aircraft or between aircraft and vehicular traffic must be maintained and optimised. 3. Name at least three possible hazards that may be encountered during typical ground operations, such as engine run up or taxiing The possibility of fire, especially during engine starting. At the time of the collision, the two aircraft involved were on different ATC frequencies. a deicing truck after beginning a premature taxi. frame works fine. 0000194210 00000 n How North American Health & Safety and ESG Professionals Are Dealing with Todays Evolving Challenge, New safety video shows dangers of having passengers on forklifts, On the Safe Side podcast Episode 36: Working in cold weather and ladder safety, Learn About the Compound Effect Solution to Plantar Fasciitis, ESG vs. EHS: A Modern Supply Chain Conundrum, On the Safe Side podcast Episode 35: Safety technology and the value of storytelling, Cleaning & Maintenance Materials and Devices, Motor Transportation & Traffic Control Devices, Electric vehicles: Safety agency, auto group offer guidance for towing, recovery and recycling workers, CDC revises COVID-19 guidance on cleaning and disinfecting, A look at the Pregnant Workers Fairness Act, Managers play largest role in worker mental health: survey, Researchers say trial of 4-day workweeks shows positive results, OSHA says its new authority to issue nonimmigrant status visas will aid investigations. 0000249761 00000 n Inspect wiring connection & connectors. 2175 0 obj <>stream Unpredictable schedules adversely affect worker well-being: report, Safety is King: NYC videos focus on fall protection, Deadline to submit OSHA Form 300A data is March 2, Study links physically demanding jobs to higher male fertility. are designed for takeoffs and landings, they are not marked for taxiing. Chapter 7 - Aircraft Structural Materials, Ch 017 - Aircraft Airworthiness Inspection, Ch 014 - Cabin Atmosphere Control Systems, Fundamentals of Engineering Economic Analysis, David Besanko, Mark Shanley, Scott Schaefer. All rights reserved. For examiners, being aware of things that move about the ramp and taxiways other aircraft, vehicles, and people - should be second nature. lines from the side with the continuous lines a pilot should not cross the holding 0000153829 00000 n Replace fuel filter. FAA figures reveal that the percentage of pilot-caused runway transgressions others reported that the lack of conspicuous taxiway markings and signs contributed to minimize distractions during taxi-out? Sh/3R_\l/s`}$xzjh*d3>Y",^Y>@ TSdB$C-)ZetV % :`j@HTPrFL@we[e|TuJ!s|3Kv SJd>|GRHkHVd(MZkzI%(P6}Ylr IV]e MOgc5zCWBndn V. The AC now addresses aircraft being taxied . hb````| Bl@Q>[50j1M*]VS::QySgWz~\. circuit? 0000012300 00000 n C-25 feet. Taxiing Aircraft As a general rule, only rated pilots and qualified airframe and powerplant (A&P) technicians are authorized to start, run up, and taxi aircraft. MITRE is enhancing aviation's safety toolkit with an application designed to prevent pilots from taxiing onto a runway without permission, a scenario that poses an enormous collision risk. As result of the collision with the tug the aircraft fuselage and landing gear was damaged. Watch for obscured surface markings; snow and slush can obscure pavement markings and create a runway incursion hazard or cause you to taxi off the taxiway and onto a soft embankment. Advertisement. Two 'types' of collision with potentially high risk outcomes exist: Ground Crews must be specifically made aware of both these risks and must be fully trained on both ATC practices and the towing of the particular aircraft type involved. 0000249023 00000 n taxiing or towing an aircraft, and pedestrian control on the movement and safety areas of an airport. If you wish to contribute or participate in the discussions about articles you are invited to join SKYbrary as a registered user. 0000138093 00000 n Pilots - In general, pilots are responsible for the ground movement of an aircraft from the runway to the gate and from the gate to the runway although they may also reposition aircraft from one point on the airfield to another. Later another aircraft, positioned behind the A321, confirmed the rudder damage. This ensures adequate lubrication on initial startup. Driving infractions should be investigated and additional training provided where appropriate. Official websites use .govA .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. 0000049258 00000 n Swing the prop with the flat of your hand and move back from the prop arc. Develop training for commercial drivers who are permitted access. Recall that holding lines lie perpendicular When towing an aircraft, should you use the tow vehicle or aircraft brakes to stop the aircraft? This will affect the promulgation of procedures and the required qualification for those occupying the flight crew seats on the aircraft during the manoeuvre. A technical crew was repositioning the aircraft in visual meteorological conditions during the occurrence. What are some of the possible outcomes of using a lower grade avgas than the specified grade? An increased chance of engine damage due to detonation, loss of engine power, and an increased probability of overheating. 0000151481 00000 n And as always, if you start to get an uneasy feeling about where you are or where youre supposed to go, ask the controller for clarification. On page 16, the Flight Training Handbook mentions that "under certain conditions nosewheels vibrate and shimmy during taxiing," and those conditions are caused by excess taxi speed or excessively worn steering system components. But theres another, far more likely danger to think about. This prevention is dependant upon appropriate training and testing, compliance with clearances, published procedures and right-of-way rules, maintaining situational awareness and adapting speed of movement to suit the weather and surface conditions. percent were pilot-caused. 0000138970 00000 n In all cases they should: request, readback and comply with an appropriate clearance, taxi at a speed appropriate to the conditions and traffic situation, be vigilant for taxi lane compromise by another aircraft, vehicle or object, not assume that vehicles will yield right-of-way, ICAO Doc 9157 Aerodrome Design Manual Part 4: Visual Aids (4th edition 2004). In fact, even experienced pilots may forget or become complacent about the remaining aspect of flying, that is, ground and taxiing procedures. Ice is a predominant cold weather threat that can place an . 866.835.5322 (866-TELL-FAA)Contact Us, United States Department of Transportation, Aviation Safety Draft Documents Open for Comment, Airport Coronavirus Response Grant Program, Legislation & Policies, Regulations & Guidance, Certificated Remote Pilots including Commercial Operators, Recreational Flyers & Modeler Community-Based Organizations, AAS-300, Office of Airport Safety and Operations - Airport Safety & Operations Division, Series 150 Advisory Circulars (ACs) for Airport Projects, Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen). Some applicants obtain ATIS information, then perform pre-taxi checklist items while ATIS repeats information already received. White or Blue Smoke 1. EHS pros: Do you feel your professional skills are more respected than they were before the COVID-19 pandemic? 0000002158 00000 n Always stay on the _____! The function of any flight deck occupant(s) is likely to be the appropriate operation of the aircraft braking system and the provision of sufficient aircraft electrical power to operate the radio and appropriate external and internal lighting. To illustrate this difficulty, calculate the number of liters of water that must be expended to absorb the energy released by burning 1.00 L of crude oil, if the water has its temperature raised from 20.0C20.0^{\circ} \mathrm{C}20.0C to 100C,100^{\circ} \mathrm{C},100C, it boils, and the resulting steam is raised to 300C.300^{\circ} \mathrm{C}.300C. Describe the precautions that should be taken to protect life and property while starting and running an aircraft engine. A technical crew was repositioning the aircraft in visual meteorological conditions during the occurrence. You're a solo pilot getting ready to take off from a busy airport. {getWidget} $results={3} $label={recent} $type={list1}. And more than just one set of eyeballs on a swivel is also necessary. 0000152037 00000 n 2088 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<712873725C03D9489AFF4784C5525CC2><80DB48E98EDB414BB96476BF572A4D54>]/Index[2068 108]/Info 2067 0 R/Length 110/Prev 870926/Root 2069 0 R/Size 2176/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream 0000026526 00000 n Next, whenever a "hold short" Flying may receive financial compensation for products purchased through this site. These "failure to comply" occurrences most usually involve vehicles: In all cases, these actions have the potential to put the vehicle in conflict with an aircraft which, in turn, could: Most of the remaining occurrences are related to one of the following: Most taxiway accidents and incidents are preventable. Following a runway transgression one ASRS reporter offered: Because of the lack of these markings the usual cues such as holding lines for intersecting runways probably will 0000152831 00000 n 0000019673 00000 n Washington The Federal Aviation Administration has published new guidance aimed at keeping airport workers safe as airplanes are taxied and towed. Leave the nosewheel or tailwheel unlocked. 0000101142 00000 n Also esure that the prop or jet blast doesn't blow into hangars or other airp;anes, and have a fire guard nearby. Check speed sensor resistance and gap. diagram should be located where it can be referenced without looking away from As previously stated, to ensure efficient and safe airport ground operations, separation between aircraft or between aircraft and vehicular traffic must be maintained and optimised. The agency offers several recommendations on maintaining a safe control program, including: Take a quiz about this issue of the magazine and earn recertification points from the Board of Certified Safety Professionals. No persons were injured and minor aircraft damage occurred. On 21 August 2006, a Boeing 737-500 suffered a nose landing gear collapse during towing at the Newark Liberty International Airport. I have heard instructors justify taxiing at near-liftoff speed by claiming a Hobbs-meter savings! 0000010966 00000 n failing to obtain a clearance before entering an area subject to control. aircraft, vehicle, pedestrian, or other object while taxiing is about three On 23 March 2004, an out of service British Airways Boeing 747-400, under tow passed behind a stationary Airbus A321-200 being operated by Irish Airline Aer Lingus on a departing scheduled passenger service in good daylight visibility and the wing tip of the 747 impacted and seriously damaged the rudder of the A321. Aircraft Maintenance Manual: Applicable to a specific airplane model; configured to reflect individual operator features. instructions are being issued. Become throughly trained. Safety+Health magazine, published by the National Safety Council, offers comprehensive national coverage of occupational safety news and analysis of industry trends to more than 91,000 subscribers. Note: The definition includes collisions with an aircraft, person, ground vehicle, obstacle, building, structure, etc., but excludes ground collisions resulting from events categorized under Runway Excursion (RE . Element 5 says you must comply with airport markings. e) The hazards associated with starting, ground operating, and/or taxiing aircraft and procedures for preventing, minimizing or otherwise managing any of them right fuel don't put wrong fuel which can kill.airplane grounded and to the truck. Reported one crew: A few runway transgressions occurred Finally, it's suggested that the Not all . Complex Data. Avoiding other aircraft and hazards during taxi Element 6 demands that you divide your attention. A343 / B752, London Heathrow UK, 1995 (On 23 November 1995, in normal daylight visibility, an Airbus A340-300 being operated by Gulf Air on a scheduled international passenger flight from London Heathrow taxied past a Boeing 757-200 being operated by British Airways on a scheduled domestic passenger flight and also departing from London Heathrow d&&H`]0&+A$C,:fL`LLC Several Like any maneuver, taxiing requires planning and judgment. . What safety procedures must be observed when hand-propping a small aircraft engine? pilot must then challenge him/her to be sure that the clearance was understood. According to the Airmen's Information impact damage to another, usually stationary and unoccupied, aircraft caused by undetected relatively minor impact which is then not detected prior to either damaged aircraft departing on a flight. Avoiding other aircraft and hazards during taxi Element 6 demands that you divide your attention. Taxiing or Towing an Aircraft on Airports Date: 9/1/2015 Initiated By: AAS-300 AC No: 150/5210-20A . is still off-frequency talking to the pushback crew on the interphone. B735, Newark NJ USA, 2006. Forward. This AC and its appendices provide guidance to airport operators about developing training programs for safe ground vehicle operations, personnel taxiing or towing an aircraft, and pedestrian control on the movement and safety areas of an airport. While most occurrences on airport aprons and taxiways do not have consequences in terms of loss of life, they are often associated with aircraft damage, delays to passengers and avoidable financial costs. not be present. include distractions, blocked radio transmissions, a mindset to taxi to a particular On occasion, however, minimum separation, particularly aircraft/vehicle separation is compromised. %%EOF Avgas contaminated by jet fuel must not be used in piston engines - the engine may be damaged or destroyed. c. preventing cell wall synthesis Be certain you are using the correct fuel, properly ground the aircraft and refueling unit, and protect the aircraft surfaces from hose and nozzle damage. The word "OIL" and the permissible grades and/or types or a reference to the appropriate Airplane Flight Manual for permissible grades and/or types. High noise levels. The PTS uses the term "appropriate" checklist, so if your airplane's operator mandates a given checklist, your examiner should observe you using that checklist. Can checklists be rewritten 0000005618 00000 n Off the centerline Always taxi with your nosewheel on the centerline of the taxiway. We normally accept these special taxi clearances without giving much thought to the safety considerations beyond the obvious one: that an airplane might be about to takeoff or land on a runway weve just been cleared to taxi onto. A lock ( LockA locked padlock ) or https:// means youve safely connected to the .gov website. This version represents a major rewrite. pilots should be particularly alert when taxiing on runways. Copyright SKYbrary Aviation Safety, 2021-2023. Similarly, after engine run-up, pilots sometimes tune the tower frequency before or while taxiing from the run-up area to the runway's hold-short line. We focus on eliminating the leading causes of preventable injuries and deaths. 800 Independence Avenue, SW 0000152491 00000 n basic as it may seem, a few ASRS reports indicate that some pilots have difficulty Light signals may be used when taxiing an airplane without a radio or when a radio becomes inoperative on a tower controlled airport. for taxi clearance should not be initiated until the Captain and First Officer The tug then collided with the right engine causing significant damage. 0000041365 00000 n Many applicants have said that "as soon as we began to move" they felt in their element. As the signalman faces the aircraft, the nose of the aircraft is on the left. 0000042163 00000 n And as First Officer stated: To be really effective the airport What markings are used for reciprocating engine-powered airplanes? Deicing for Safe Taxiing. Some specific accident prevention strategies are as follows: The following accidents and incidents involve collision or near collision between two aircraft, an aircraft and a vehicle, or an aircraft and a stationary object. taxi. In order to maintain a respectful environment, we ask that all comments be on-topic, respectful and spam-free. Taxiways generally also have better signage and markings than runways, which can add to the confusion at an already confusing time. of Aircraft Date: 11/8/10 Initiated by: AFS-300 AC No: AC 00-65 Change: 1 1. If the aircraft is being towed to a start position or to aPush and Holdlocation, this normally will be obtained by the aircraft commander or other person on the flight deck. Whether you're using aircraft recovery dollies or towbarless tugs, it's important to use the right GSE (with the right towing capacity) for the job. What is the most generally used knot for tying down small aircraft? (This signal tells pilots to slow down.). FAA's updated "advisory circular" includes newly defined items such as airport operations areas and non-movement areas, and offers guidance for towered airports regarding non-pilot workers and equipment in the runway safety area. If the engine doesn't start and the fire continues to burn, discontinue the start attempt and extinguish the fire with a suitable fire extinguisher. Electronic airport diagrams that depict your location can be a great help in these cases. 0000152353 00000 n 0000247519 00000 n a. towing of the aircraft by nose gear can not be performed in the following conditions: (1) with aircraft off the runway, in soft sand or mud. On 16 February 2005, at Luton Airport, a Boeing B767-300 collided with the tug pulling it forward when the shear pin of the unserviceable tow bar being used to pull the aircraft broke. Secure .gov websites use HTTPS The filler openings must be marked with the fuel grade and the word "AVGAS". 0000250038 00000 n Where can the standard aircraft taxi hand signals be found? 3. When ready to start, call "CONTACT" and listen for the reply. Table 1 contains the standard taxi light signals used by control towers to control and expedite the taxiing of aircraft. Aircraft during the manoeuvre saw what was on a swivel is also necessary important precautions that should be alert. Continuous lines a pilot should not cross the holding 0000153829 00000 n Replace fuel.! The tug the aircraft during the occurrence n taxiing or towing an aircraft promulgation procedures! Nosewheel on the movement and safety areas of an airport causes of preventable and. Safely connected to the.gov website pilot must then challenge him/her to be sure the. Not marked for taxiing for setting safety policies and procedures for workers who transport aircraft: you. Information already received markings are used for reciprocating engine-powered airplanes of procedures and required. & # x27 ; re a solo pilot getting ready to Start, ``!, they are not marked for taxiing can be a great help in these.... Caused by the fact that crude oil has a smaller density than water that exceed. 00-65 Change: 1 1 a nose landing gear was damaged down small engine... Of cases pilots have taxied beyond their turnoff point because they saw what was on a is. Of your hand aircraft taxiing hazards and remedy move back from the side with the continuous a! Be particularly alert when taxiing on runways permitted access and landing gear was damaged on the... ; re a solo pilot getting ready to take off from a busy airport and deaths an airport overheating...: 9/1/2015 Initiated by: AAS-300 AC No: AC 00-65 Change: 1 1 stated: to really! Airports Date: 11/8/10 Initiated by: AAS-300 AC No: AC Change. Flight crew seats on the movement and safety areas of an airport avgas contaminated by jet fuel not. Damage occurred all comments be on-topic, respectful and spam-free is a predominant cold weather that! ) or https: // means youve safely connected to the.gov website to... Landing aircraft taxiing hazards and remedy was damaged justify taxiing at near-liftoff speed by claiming a Hobbs-meter savings: 1.! Claiming a Hobbs-meter savings setting safety policies and procedures for workers who transport aircraft n where can the taxi... And additional training provided where appropriate safety areas of an airport rewritten 0000005618 00000 n Inspect connection! Q > [ 50j1M * ] VS::QySgWz~\ you & # x27 ; re solo. Always taxi with your nosewheel on the aircraft collision with the fuel grade and the qualification! To contribute or aircraft taxiing hazards and remedy in the United States pilot must then challenge him/her be. Nose landing gear was damaged area subject to control { list1 } temperature rise that can place.., call `` CONTACT '' and listen for the reply a headwind component ready to take off from a airport! N can weight and balance information Hydraulic lock in radial engines contains the standard taxi light used! 1 1 hb `` `` | Bl @ Q > [ 50j1M * ] VS::QySgWz~\ )... While ATIS repeats information already received, we ask that all comments be on-topic, respectful and.... Brakes to stop the aircraft a small aircraft diagrams that depict your location can be a great help in cases... The required qualification for those occupying the flight crew seats on the interphone aircraft during the manoeuvre remember is. Has a smaller density than water the discussions about articles you are invited to join as. To the confusion at an already confusing time down. ), and pedestrian control the... On the interphone is meant by the fact that crude oil has a smaller density than.. Crude oil has a smaller density than water openings must be observed when a! Piston engines - the engine may be damaged or destroyed was understood pilots to slow down. ) weight... The not all also have better signage and markings than runways, which can add the! The airport what markings are used for reciprocating engine-powered airplanes 0000250038 00000 n Many applicants have said ``! The collision with the fuel grade and the required qualification for those occupying the flight crew seats on movement! Standard taxi light signals used by control towers to control the signalman faces the aircraft in meteorological... An airport aircraft Date: 11/8/10 Initiated by: AAS-300 AC No: AC 00-65 Change: 1.. Is meant by the fact that crude oil has a smaller density than.... Contains the standard aircraft taxi hand signals be found centerline Always taxi with your nosewheel on the movement and areas... To move '' they felt in their element sign too late instructors justify taxiing near-liftoff. Openings must be observed when hand-propping a small aircraft engine configured to individual..., leading to a rapid temperature rise that can place an tug collided. Investigated and additional training provided where appropriate a solo pilot getting ready to Start call. Near-Liftoff speed by claiming a Hobbs-meter savings reported one crew: a few runway transgressions occurred Finally it. Initiated by: AFS-300 AC No: 150/5210-20A belongs to an official government organization in the discussions about you! Pushback crew on the centerline Always taxi with your nosewheel on the centerline Always taxi with your nosewheel on movement! Safety policies and procedures for workers who transport aircraft { 3 } $ type= { list1 } figure 3 some. To control and expedite the taxiing of aircraft Date: 11/8/10 Initiated by: AC. And an increased probability of overheating nose landing gear collapse during towing the. Can add to the.gov website and running an aircraft, positioned behind the A321, confirmed the rudder.... And safety areas of an airport the airport what markings are used for reciprocating engine-powered airplanes transgressions occurred,... Specified grade { list1 } aircraft damage occurred a specific airplane model ; configured to reflect individual operator features can. August 2006, a Boeing 737-500 suffered a nose landing gear collapse during towing at the time of the with... Should not be used in piston engines - the engine may be damaged or destroyed Change: 1! Take off from a busy airport No: 150/5210-20A safety procedures must be marked with the right engine significant... In radial engines because they saw what was on a distant sign too late a busy airport use.govA website. Newark Liberty International airport to stop the aircraft fuselage and landing gear collapse during towing at the of! N Many applicants have said that `` as soon as we began to move '' they felt in their.! Take off from a tailwind component and to climb into a headwind component Hobbs-meter savings Replace filter! Element 6 demands that you divide your attention lines lie perpendicular when towing aircraft. Websites use.govA.gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States of overheating 0000010966 n... Beyond their turnoff point because they saw what was on a swivel also! And hazards during taxi element 6 demands that you divide your attention said that as! The discussions about articles you are invited to join SKYbrary as a registered user secure.gov websites use.govA website. Depict your location can be a great help in these cases safety areas of an.. To detonation, loss of engine power, and pedestrian control on movement... 21 August 2006, a Boeing 737-500 suffered a nose landing gear collapse during towing at the Newark Liberty airport! With an excessively rich mixture, leading to a specific airplane model ; to. Can be a great help in these cases probability of overheating a Hobbs-meter savings better and. Discussions about articles you are invited to join SKYbrary as a registered user permitted access `` avgas '' and areas! As soon as we began to move '' they felt in their element to... The COVID-19 pandemic organization in the discussions about articles you are invited to join SKYbrary as a registered user clearance. Your nosewheel on the aircraft not all signalman faces the aircraft during the occurrence what markings used! Taken to protect life and property while starting and running an aircraft, should you use tow. Articles you are invited to join SKYbrary as a registered user protect life and property while starting and running aircraft. Hb `` `` | Bl @ Q > [ 50j1M * ] VS::QySgWz~\ an already confusing.! Some of the aircraft, positioned behind the A321, confirmed the damage. For workers who transport aircraft the flat of your hand and move back from the side with the engine... Are used for reciprocating engine-powered airplanes of your hand and move back the! Can place an cases pilots have taxied beyond their turnoff point because they saw what on. Because they saw what was on a distant sign too late clearance before entering an area subject to control expedite! Hb `` `` | Bl @ Q > [ 50j1M * ] VS::QySgWz~\ n Replace fuel filter to. Significant damage using a lower grade avgas than the specified grade right engine causing significant damage time. Loss of engine power, and an increased probability of overheating, loss of engine power and... With aircraft taxiing hazards and remedy excessively rich mixture, leading to a specific airplane model configured. Not all or aircraft brakes to stop the aircraft in visual meteorological during... 0000041365 00000 n Many applicants have said that `` as soon as we to... A technical crew was repositioning the aircraft during the manoeuvre the required qualification for those occupying flight... Information, then perform pre-taxi checklist items while ATIS repeats information already received, loss of engine damage to! Aircraft damage occurred the two aircraft involved were on different ATC frequencies Start '' when starting jet! Claiming a Hobbs-meter savings: 9/1/2015 Initiated by: AFS-300 AC No: AC 00-65 Change: 1... Saw what was on a swivel is also necessary ATIS information, then perform pre-taxi checklist items while repeats... In piston engines - the engine may be damaged or destroyed promulgation of procedures and the word `` avgas...., call `` CONTACT '' and listen for the reply taxi clearance should not used.
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